Abstract
Latar belakang: Rimpang temu hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) secara tradisional digunakan untuk gangguan pernapasan, namun aktivitas mukolitiknya masih terbatas dilaporkan secara ilmiah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi aktivitas mukolitik in vitro ekstrak etanol dan fraksinya (n-heksan, etil asetat, dan air) serta mengkaji profil fitokimianya. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimental laboratorik dengan rancangan post-test control group design. Ekstrak etanol diperoleh melalui remaserasi menggunakan etanol 96% dan difraksinasi dengan partisi cair–cair. Uji mukolitik dilakukan menggunakan mukus sapi dengan viskometer Ostwald setelah inkubasi pada 37 °C selama 30 menit. Parameter yang diamati adalah penurunan viskositas (Δη) dan persen reduksi viskositas. N-asetilsistein 0,1% digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan Tween 80 0,5% sebagai kontrol negatif. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji Bonferroni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi n-heksan dan ekstrak etanol menurunkan viskositas mukus secara signifikan dan mendekati kontrol positif (p < 0,001), sedangkan fraksi etil asetat dan air lebih rendah. Profil fitokimia menunjukkan dominasi metabolit nonpolar seperti terpenoid dan minyak atsiri pada fraksi n-heksan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa aktivitas mukolitik dipengaruhi oleh metabolit nonpolar, sehingga fraksi n-heksan berpotensi sebagai kandidat mukolitik alami dan memerlukan validasi in vivoReferences
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